8. BS flange standard

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Blank Flanges (Code 105) – BS 4504

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Description

Blank Flanges (Code 105) according to BS 4504:

Material: Blank Flanges are usually made from stainless steel, carbon steel, or other alloys depending on the application requirements.
Size: Blank Flanges are manufactured to BS 4504 standard with different diameters to suit specific pipes.
Shape: Blank Flanges are circular disc shaped with bolt holes around the edge for mounting to other flanges or pipe covers.

Applications

Blank Flanges are widely used in industries such as:

Oil and gas industry: Used to block the ends of oil and gas pipelines to prevent leaks or when maintenance or repair is needed.
Chemical Industry: Used to temporarily or permanently block the flow of liquids or gases in chemical piping systems.
Food and Beverage Industry: Used to prevent contamination and keep piping systems clean when not in use.
Water supply and drainage industry: Used to block or control flow in water supply and drainage systems.

Standards

BS 4504 specifies the dimensions, tolerances and technical requirements for flanges used in piping systems. Some of the key points of the standard include:

Dimensions and Tolerances: Specify the nominal dimensions and acceptable tolerances for flanges.
Material: Provide requirements on materials used for flanges, ensuring suitability for the usage environment.
Pressure and Temperature: Specifies the pressure and temperature levels the flanges can withstand.
Inspection and testing: Provide inspection and testing procedures to ensure the quality and safety of flanges.

Blank Flanges (Code 105) Dimensions and Thickness Table according to BS 4504

Size (Inches)	Outer diameter (OD) (mm)	Bolt Hole Distance (PCD) (mm)	Number of bolt holes	Bolt hole diameter (mm)	Thickness (mm)
1/2	95	65	4	14	10
3/4	105	75	4	14	12
1	115	85	4	14	14
1 1/4	125	100	4	14	14
1 1/2	135	110	4	14	14
2	150	125	4	18	16
2 1/2	185	145	4	18	18
3	200	160	4	18	18
4	220	180	8	18	18
5	250	210	8	18	20
6	285	240	8	22	22
8	340	295	8	22	24
10	395	350	12	26	26
12	445	400	12	26	28
14	500	460	12	26	30
16	565	515	16	26	32
18	615	565	16	30	34
20	670	620	20	30	36
24	780	725	20	33	40

Summary table of materials commonly used to manufacture Blank Flanges (Code 105) according to BS 4504 standard

Material	Describe	Application	Advantage	Defect
Carbon Steel	Steel has a high carbon content, which increases hardness and durability.	Used in water, gas, oil piping systems, and industrial applications with moderate temperatures and pressures.	Low cost, easy to process, high durability.	Prone to rust if surface is not protected.
Stainless Steel	Alloy containing Cr (Chromium) and Ni (Nickel) helps resist corrosion and oxidation.	Used in food, chemical, pharmaceutical, and harsh environments requiring high corrosion resistance.	Good corrosion and oxidation resistance, high durability, easy to clean.	Higher cost than carbon steel.
Alloy Steel	Steel contains additional alloying elements such as Cr, Mo (Molybdenum), Ni, and V (Vanadium) to enhance mechanical properties.	Used in high temperature, high pressure applications and in highly corrosive environments.	High strength, good heat and pressure resistance, good corrosion resistance.	High cost, more difficult to process than carbon steel.
Cast Iron	High carbon iron alloy, cast form.	Used in plumbing systems and applications that do not require high pressure.	Low cost, high durability, good load bearing capacity.	Fragile, cannot withstand high pressure.
Aluminum Alloy	Light alloy, good corrosion resistance.	Used in chemical, food, and other applications requiring light weight and corrosion resistance.	Light weight, good corrosion resistance, easy to process.	Less durable than steel and cast iron.
Copper Alloy	Alloy containing copper, often with added Zn (Zinc), Sn (Tin) or Ni.	Used in electrical industries, plumbing, and applications requiring good electrical and thermal conductivity.	Good electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance, easy to process.	High cost, less durable than steel.
Plastic	Industrial plastics such as PVC, CPVC, PP, and PE.	Used in water and chemical piping systems, especially systems that do not require high pressure and strong chemical resistance.	Light weight, good corrosion and chemical resistance, easy to install.	Cannot withstand high pressure and temperature.
Titanium	Lightweight metal, very corrosion resistant.	Used in the aerospace, medical, and other applications requiring high corrosion resistance and light weight.	Excellent corrosion resistance, light weight, high strength.	Very expensive, difficult to process.