3. ASME B16.9 fittings

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Reducing Tee

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Description

Reducing Tees are a type of pipe fitting shaped like a T with three connection ends, where two ends are of equal size, and the other end is smaller. This design allows for the easy reduction of pipe diameter without the need for additional fittings.

Applications

Reducing Tees are widely used in various industrial piping systems, including:

Oil and Gas Industry: Used to change the diameter of pipes in oil and gas transmission systems.
Chemical Industry: Used in chemical processing and transportation systems.
Food and Beverage Industry: Used in food and beverage processing and transportation systems.
Water Treatment Industry: Used in water treatment and distribution systems.
Construction Industry: Used in water and gas piping systems in buildings.

Standards

ASME B16.9 is an international standard developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers to specify the requirements for dimensions, materials, tolerances, and testing for butt-welded fittings, including Reducing Tees.

Nominal Pipe Sizes (NPS): Defined for pipes with inner diameters from 1/2 inch to 48 inches.
Dimension Tolerances: Specified for wall thickness, length, and diameter to ensure product accuracy and consistency.
Materials: Used for Reducing Tees include carbon steel, stainless steel, and various alloys.
Material Quality Requirements: Such as tensile strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance are also mentioned.
Design: Reducing Tees must be free from defects, have uniform wall thickness, and precise welds.
Shape: The fittings must ensure they do not obstruct the flow within the piping system.

Size and Thickness Table for Reducing Tees

NPS (inches)	OD of Run (D) (inches)	OD of Branch (d) (inches)	Center-to-End (C) (inches)	Center-to-End (M) (inches)	SCH 10 (inches)	SCH 40 (STD) (inches)	SCH 80 (XS) (inches)
1/2 x 1/4	0.84	0.54	1.125	1.125	0.065	0.109	0.147
3/4 x 1/2	1.05	0.84	1.25	1.25	0.065	0.113	0.154
1 x 3/4	1.315	1.05	1.5	1.5	0.065	0.133	0.179
1-1/4 x 1	1.66	1.315	1.875	1.875	0.065	0.140	0.191
1-1/2 x 1-1/4	1.9	1.66	2.125	2.125	0.065	0.145	0.200
2 x 1-1/2	2.375	1.9	2.625	2.625	0.065	0.154	0.218
2-1/2 x 2	2.875	2.375	3	3	0.083	0.203	0.276
3 x 2-1/2	3.5	2.875	3.5	3.5	0.083	0.216	0.300
4 x 3	4.5	3.5	4	4	0.083	0.237	0.337
5 x 4	5.563	4.5	4.875	4.875	0.109	0.258	0.375
6 x 5	6.625	5.563	5.75	5.75	0.109	0.280	0.432
8 x 6	8.625	6.625	7	7	0.109	0.322	0.500
10 x 8	10.75	8.625	8.5	8.5	0.134	0.365	0.500
12 x 10	12.75	10.75	10	10	0.156	0.375	0.500
14 x 12	14	12.75	11	11	0.156	0.375	0.500
16 x 14	16	14	12	12	0.165	0.375	0.500
18 x 16	18	16	13	13	0.165	0.375	0.500
20 x 18	20	18	14	14	0.188	0.375	0.500
24 x 20	24	20	16	16	0.218	0.375	0.500

Notes:

NPS (Nominal Pipe Size): Nominal size of the pipe.
OD (Outside Diameter): Outside diameter of the pipe.
SCH (Schedule): Wall thickness indicator.
Center-to-End (C): Distance from the center of the pipe to the end of the main pipe.
Center-to-End (M): Distance from the center of the pipe to the end of the branch pipe.

Material Summary for Reducing Tees

Material Type	Material Code	Main Components	Applications
Carbon Steel	ASTM A234 WPB	Carbon, Manganese	Oil, chemicals, water treatment, construction
Stainless Steel	ASTM A403 WP304/304L	Chromium, Nickel	Food, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, oil
Alloy Steel	ASTM A234 WP5/WP9/WP11	Chromium, Molybdenum	Power generation, oil
Austenitic Stainless Steel	ASTM A403 WP316/316L	Chromium, Nickel, Molybdenum	High corrosion environments, chemicals, pharmaceuticals
Duplex Steel	ASTM A815 UNS S31803	Chromium, Nickel, Molybdenum	Oil, seawater treatment, high corrosion environments
Copper	ASTM B466 UNS C70600	Copper, Nickel	Marine, cooling systems, chemicals
Copper Alloy	ASTM B462 UNS N08020	Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum	Chemicals, pharmaceuticals, water treatment
Nickel Alloy Steel	ASTM B366 UNS N06625	Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum	High temperature, oil